A Completer Sentence

Syntax

Subjunctive Cases of a Verb

Jussive Cases of a Verb

Nominative Cases of a Verb

Nominative Cases of a Noun

Actor

Subject of the Predicate

Incohatives and Predicates

Incohative of a Verb Kana or One of its sisters and the Predicate of the Preposition Inna or One of its Sisters

Accusative Cases of a Noun

Objective Compliments and Cognates

Adverbal Qualifications and Adverbal Qualifications of Time and Place

Ma’ Accusative and the Exceptive After Ila

The Hāl Accusative

Specificative

Vocative

A Predicate of the Verb Kana of an Inchoative of the Preposition Inna

Genitive Cases of a Noun

Hiding the Vowel Signs of a Declinable Noun

Adjectives and Conjunctives

Corroboratives and Substitutes

The Vowel Signs of Words and Sentences

A study of syntax of the Arabic language volume 1. Translated by Hamid
Hussein Waqar.


Elementary Arabic Syntax 1

Objective Compliments and Cognates
==================================

33. What is an objective compliment?  
 An objective compliment is a noun that receives the action of a verb,
but does not change the structure of the verb. For example: **بَرَی**
**التلمیذُ** **قلَماً** (The student sharpened a pencil.) In this
sentence, pencil is the objective compliment because it received the
verb to sharpen and does not affect the structure of the verb. Of
course, if an objective compliment affects the structure of the verb it
is a predicate and must be put in the nominative case.

34. What is a congnate?  
 A congnate is a noun that is mentioned after the verb:  
 • for emphasis: **قَتَلَ** **الحارسُ** **اللّصّ** **قتلاً** (The
watchman murdered the thief a murder.)

• for explanation: **ﺇصبِر** **صبراً** **جمیلاً** (Be patient, a
beautiful patience.)

• for numeration: **دَقّتِ** **الساعةُ** **دَقّتَینِ** (The watch ticked
two ticks.)


