Fascinating Discourses of the Fourteen Infallibles (a.s)

The Eighth Infallible: Imam Ja’far Sadiq (as) and his forty discourses

Eighth Infallible the Sixth Imam Ja’far Sadiq (as)

Name: Jafer

Title: Sadiq

Subtitle: Abu Abdullah

Father: Imam Mohammed Baqir (as)

Mother: Omme Farwah Bint Qasim bin Mohammed Bin Abibakr.

Date of Birth: 17th of Rabiul Awal, 83 Hijrah.

Place of birth: Madina

Date of Martyrdom: 25th, of Shawwal.

Place of Martyrdom: Madina

Year of Martyrdom: 148 Hijrah

AGE: 65 years.

Grave: Baqi grave yard in Medina.

Cause of martyrdom: Poisoned by the order of Mansoor Dwanaki.

Age Duration can be divided into two parts.

1. Forty one years before the Imamate era i.e. 83 Hijrah to 114 Hijrah.

2. Imamate period 34 year up to the martyrdom from 114 Hijrah to 148 Hijrah.

This was the very youth of the age of Shi’ism. He like his father took benefit and made good of the chance of war between Bani omayaids & Bani Abbas. And founded a seminary & theological center upon a vast & profound scale, which contained & consisted upon four thousand students. And so he developed & expanded the pure Islam of Prophet (S) & Hazrat Ali (as) which was hidden amongst & behind the curtains of Islam of bani ommayaids.

Forty Traditions from Imam Ja’far Sadiq (as)

1. However, the prohibited form of guardianship: So the ruler ship of the tyrant ruler & the ruler ship of his governors, their chief, the followers of the rulers, so besides them the sub rulers under the rule of the main ruler, right down to the smallest one, is a door out of the doors of ruler ship upon whom he is a ruler. And working for them & having business & trade relations with them (as an acceptance of their rule) is prohibited & unlawful

Whosoever does it, whether more of it or less of it, will get tormented &chastised. Because all that done (as an assistance to them) is a big sin among the big sins.

And this is because during the ruler ship of the tyrant all the righteousness gets wiped off. & all that is falsehood will be revived in the ruler ship of the oppressor & tyrant ruler. And the cruelty & brutality & corruption manifested & the heavenly books will get falsified & forfeited. And the Prophets & faithful’s will be killed. And the mosques will get dislodged & dismantled. And the Sunnah & ordinances & religious laws of Allah be changed. This is the reason why co working with them, helping, & assisting them except where there exists a necessity like eating (haram & prohibited) blood & corpse (deal body) for saving of life etc.) is prohibited. [^1]

1- وَ أَمّا وَجهُ الحَرامِ مِنَ الوِلايَةِ: فَوِلايَةُ الوالیِ الجائِرِ، وَوِلايَةِ، الرَّئيسِ مِنهُم وَ اتباعِ الوالیِ فَمَن دُونَهُ مِن وُلاةِ الوُلاةِ، إِلی أَدناهُم باباً مِن أَبوابِ الوِلايَةِ عَلی مَن هُوَ والٍ عَلَيهِ، وَ العَمَلُ لَهُم وَالکَسبُ مَعَهُم- بِجَهَةِ الوِلايَةِ لَهُم - حَرامٌ وَمُحَّرَمٌ، مُعَذَّبٌ مَن فَعَلَ ذلِکَ عَلی قَليلٍ مِن فِعلِهِ أَو کَثيرٍ، لأِنَّ کُلَّ شَئ ءٍ - مِن جِهَةِ المَعُونَةِ – مَعصِيَةٌ کَبيرَةٌ مِنَ الکَبائِرِ، وَ ذلِکَ أَنَّ في وِلايَةِ الوالِی الجِائِر دَوسَ (دَرسَ) الحَقِّ کُلِهِ، وَإِحياءَ الباطِلِ کُلِّهِ، وَإِظهارَ الظُّلمِ وَالجَورِ وَالفِسادِ ،وَإِبطالَ الکُتُبِ وَقَتلَ الأَنبِياءِ وَالمُؤمِنينَ، وَ هَدمَ المَساجِدِ وَتَبديلَ سُنَّةِ اللهِ وَ شَرايِعِهِ فَلِذلِکَ حَرُمَ العَمَلُ مَعَهُم وَ مَعُونَتُهُم وَالکَسبُ مَعَهُم إِلاّ بِجِهَةِ الضَّروُرَةِ نَظيِرَالضَّروُرَةِ إِلی الدَّمِ وَالمَيمَنَةِ. (تحف العقول ص332)

2. Indeed the cognition & knowing of Allah provides comfort in all terrors & frights. And it is the companion in all solitudes & loneliness’s & the light in all darkness’s & energy in all weaknesses & feebleness’s & the cure of all diseases & ailments. [^2]

2- ... اِنَّ مَعرِفَةَ اللهِ عَزَّوَجَلَّ آنِسٌ مِن کُلِّ وَحشَةٍ، وَصاحِبٌ مِن کُلِّ وَحدَةٍ، وَنُورٌ مِن کُلِّ ظُلمَةٍ، وَقُوَّةٌ مِن کُلِّ ضَعفٍ،وَشِفاءٌ مِن کُلِّ سُقيمٍ. (فروغ الکافی ج8 ص247)

3. Umer bin Hazala says I enquired from Imam Ja’far Sadiq (as) "Two men out of us have a dispute about a debt or a heritage & proceed toward the king & the judges of the age (appointed by the king) to get their affair settled. Is this act of theirs lawful?'

Imam Sadiq said, 'Anyone who refers to them for Judgment of whether something right or false, so truly he has referred to Taghut (Satan, Devil). And what so ever judgment the (satanic institution,) executes for him (should that even be a right one) is getting (haram) Prohibited wealth, because, he gets it upon the order of false deity, (Satan). Whereas, Allah has commanded in the Holy Quran to deny the Satan & devil. Allah said 'they desire to undergo the rulership of Satan (Taghoot) &' They have already been ordained to disbelieve it.'

I said 'so how do they settle their dispute?' He replied ',They should look for the one among you who narrates our hadith (traditions) & sees into (Probes) our licit (lawful) & our forbidden & knows our legal provisions & ordinances so they must get contented with his judgment (mediation). Truly, I have already made them the rulers over you. [^3]

3- عَن عمَرِبنِ حَنظَلَة قالَ: سَأَلتُ اَبا عَبدِاللهِ (ع) عَن رَجُلَينِ مِن اَصحابِنا بَينَهُما مُنازِعَةٌ فی دَينٍ اَو ميراثٍ، فَتَحاکَما اِلی السُّلطانِ وَاِلَی القُضاةِ اَيَحِلُّ ذلِکَ؟ قالَ:مَن تَحاکَمَ اِلَيهِم فی حَقٍّ اَو باطلٍ فاِنَّما تَحاکَمَ اِلی الطّاغُوتِ، وَ ما يَحکُمُ لَهُ فإنَّما يَأخُذُ سُحتاً ،وَاِن کانَ حَقّاً ثابِتاً لَهُ، لِأَنَّهُ اَخَذَهُ بِحُکمِ الطّاغُوتِ وَما اَمَرَ اللهُ اَن يُکفَرَ بِهِ،قالَ اللهُ تَعالی يُريدُونَ اَن يَتَحاکَمُوا اِلَی الطّاغُوتِ وَقَد اُمِرُواَن يَکفُرُوبِهِ، قُلتُ فَکَيفَ يَصنَعانِ؟قالَ يَنظُرانِ مَن کانَ مِنکُم مِمَّن قَد رَوی حَديثَناوَنَظَرَ في حَلالِناوَحَرامِنا وَعَرفَ اَحکامَنا فَليَرضَوا بِهِ حَکَماً فاِنّي قَد جَعَلتَهُ عَلَيکُم حاکِماً. (الوسائل ج18 ص99)

4. The Judges are four (categories). Three of them are to enter the hell fire & a single one into the heaven. 1, the one who makes Judgment cruelly & by injustice & he is aware of it. 2. The one who makes judgments cruelly & tyrannically (unjustly) but unknowingly, he is in the fire of hell. .3. And a man who makes Judgment according to justice & rightly & he does not know it, so he is in the hell fire. 4. And a person who makes judgment rightly & justly & he knows it, so he will enter the paradise. [^4]

4- اَلقُضاةُ اَربَعةٌ:ثَلاثَةٌ في النّارِ وَواحِدٌ في الجَنَّةِ: رَجُلٌ قَضی بِجُورٍ وَهُوَ يَعلَمُ فَهُوَ في النّارِ، وَرَجُلٌ قَضی بِجَورٍ وَهُوَ لا يَعلَمُ فَهُوَ في النّارِ،وَرَجُلٌ قَضی بِحَقّ وَهُوَ لا يَعلَمُ فَهُوَ فِي النّارِ، وَرَجُلٌ قَضی بِحَقٍّ وَهُوَ يَعلَمُ فَهُوَ في الجَنَّةِ. (تحف العقول 365)

5. The person who sees his brother (religious) involved (in a problem) which is the cause of his trouble & dislikeness & he does not remove it from him although he can do that, has committed a dishonesty with him. [^5]

5- مَن رَأی أَخاهُ عَلی أَمرٍيَکرَهُهُ وَلا يَرُدُّهُ عَنهُ وَهُوَ يَقدِرُ عَلَيهِ فَقَد خانَهُ. (امالی صدوق ص162)

6. Nothing follows a person after his death except three virtues & qualities.

7. The alms & charity that he may have executed by the grace of Allah in his life & which continues on after his death. (i.e.) (Like schools, hospitals, social welfare institutions, books, wells, bridges, roads etc.) 2. And a decent & good tradition (left over by him) which is put into practice (after his death). 3. A pious son who prays for him. [^6]

6- لا يَتبَعُ الرَّجُلَ بَعدَ مَوتِهِ إِلاّ ثَلاثُ خِصالٍ: صَدَقَهٌ أَجرهَا اللهُ له في حَياتِهِ فَهِيَ تَجرِي لَهُ بَعدَ مَوتِهِ، وَسُنَّةُ هُدیً يُعمَلُ بِها، وَوَلَدٌ صالِحٌ يَدعُولَهُ. (تحف العقول ص363)

7. Some of the rights of a Muslim upon his Muslim brother are that he salutes him when he meets him. And visits him when he becomes ill, & when he is absent he wishes him his benevolence & beneficence i.e., defends him in his absence). & prays for him when he seeks, (saying يرحمک الله (God take pity on you) & accepts his invitation when he invites him & escorts his funeral when he dies.' [^7]

(Chapter: 'Faithful's rights upon his brother')

7- لِلمُسلِمِ عَلی اَخيهِ المُسلِمِ مِنَ الحَقَّ اَن يُسَلِّمَ عَلَيهِ اِذا لَقِيَهُ، وَيَعُودَهُ اِذا مَرِضَ، وَيَنصَحَ لَهُ اِذا غابَ، وَيُسَمِّتَهُ اِذا عَطَسَ، وَيُجيبَهُ اِذا دَعاهُ، وَيتبَعَهُ اِذا ماتَ. (اصول کافی ج2 باب اخوة المؤمن علی هخيه ص171)

8. Faithful is the brother of faithful just like one single body, (so that) if one part of it has a complaint the entire body feels & receives the pain & trouble. And their souls are from a single soul. And indeed the tie & connection of the faithful's soul to the soul of Allah is more powerful & strengthen than the connection of the rays of sun with it. [^8]

8- أَلمُؤمِنُ أَخُوالمُؤمِنِ، کَالجَسَدِ الواحِدِ، إِنِ اشتَکی شَيئاً مِنهُ وَجَدَ أَلَمَ ذلِکَ في سائِرِ جَسَدِهِ، وَأَرواحُهُما مِن رُوحٍ واحِدَةٍ، وَانَّ روُحَ المُؤمِنِ لَأَشَدُّ اِتّصالاً بِروُح اللهِ مِن اتِّصالِ شُعاعِ الشَّمسِ بِها. (اصول کافی ج2 باب اخوة المؤمن ص166)

9. The Muslims’ right upon (another) Muslim is that he must not be full & satiated & his brother remains hungry. And he must not get his thirst quenched & his brother remains thirsty. And he must not dress himself up when his brother is naked. So how great & exuberant is the right of a Muslim upon his Muslim brother. And he (as) said do wish for your Muslim brother the same which you want for yourself. [^9]

9- حَقُّ المُسلِمِ عَلَی المُسلِمِ أَن لا يَشبَعَ وَيَجُوعَ أَخُوهُ، وَلا يَروی وَيَعطَشَ اَخُوهُ،وَلا يَکتَسِیَ وَيَعری اَخُوهُ،فَما أَعظَمَ حَقَّ المُسلِمِ عَلی أَخيهِ المُسلِمِ، وَقالَ : أَحِبَّ لِاَخيکَ المُسلِمِ ما تُحِبُّ لِنَفسِکَ. (اصول کافی ج2 باب حق المؤمن علی اخية ص170)

10. Faithful is the brother of faithful, his eye & his guide. He does not commit any dishonesty & does not execute aggression upon him nor treachery & deception and when he commits & gives him a word, does not go back upon it. [^10]

10- أَلمُؤمِنُ أخُو المؤمن، عَينُهُ وَدليلُهُ لا يَخُونُهُ وَلا يَظلِمُهُ وَلا يَغُشُّهُ وَلا يَعِدُهُ عِدَةً فَيُخلِفُهُ. (اصول کافی ج2 باب اخوة المومنين ص166)

11. The smallest thing which turns a man out of faith (renders him faithless) is that he keeps counting the faults, lapses missteps & fauxes of his brother in faith so that one day he may reprimand him. (By those weaknesses).

[^11] These are a glimpse of the rights of Muslim brethren which originate from the birth and continue on till his death. So Muslims must assess and evaluate their practices according to this standard.

11- أَدنی ما يَخرُجِ بِهِ الرَّجُلُ مِنَ الايمانِ أَن يُؤَاخِيَ الرَّجُلَ عَلی دينِهِ فَبُحصيَ عَلَيهِ عَثَراتِهِ وَزَلاّتِهِ لِيُعَنِّفَهُ بها يَوماً[ما] (معانی الاخبار ص394)

12. The one who is pious in the world, Allah places wisdom in his heart & makes his tongue reproduce it (He utters the words of wisdom). And makes him aware & knowledgeable about the faults & short comings of the world & its diseases & ailments & their cures. And transfers him out of the world in a pure & perfect condition toward the house of peace (i.e. the next world).

[^12]

12- مَن زَهَدَ فیِ الدُّنيا اَثبَتَ اللهُ الحِکمَةَ في قَلبِهِ وَاَنطَقَ بِها لِسانَهُ وَبَصَّرَهُ عُيُوبَ الدُنيا،داءَها و دواءَها،وأَخرَجَهُ مِنَ الدُّنيا سالِماً اِلی درِا السَّلامِ. (بحارالانوار ج73 ص48)

13. There would be many categories & classes of the people crossing over the path... And the path would be thinner than a hair & sharper than a sword. 1. Some people would cross over creeping upon their bellies & hands. 2. Some would cross over walking. 3. And some would cross it in hanging condition, so that, the hell fire would be burning some parts of their bodies & some parts will be left over (safe). [^13]

13- اَلنّاسُ يَمُرُّونَ عَلی الصَّراطِ طَبَقاتٍ، وَالصَّراطُ اَدَقُّ مِنَ الشَّعرِ وَأَحَدُّ مِنَ السَّيفِ... فَمِنهم مَن يَمُرُّ حَبواً، وَمِنهُم مَن يَمُرُّمَشياً،وَمِنهُم مَن يَمُرُّ مُتَعَلِّقاً،قَد تَأخُذُ النّارُ مِنهُ شَيئاً وَتَترُکُ مِنهُ شَيئاً. (روضة الواعظين ص499)

14. It is from the disposition & manners of the ignorant that he answers before listening, & quarrels before understanding & gives judgment upon what he is unaware of. [^14]

14- مِن أَخلاقِ الجاهِلِ الاجابَةُ قَبلَ اَن يَسمَعَ وَالمُعارَضَةُ قَبلَ اَن يَفهَمَ وَالحُکمُ بِما لا يَعلَمُ. (بحارالانوار ج78 ص278)

15. The person who acts & practices short of vision is similar to the traverser & traveler of a wrong avenue. So the speed of his Journey would not but only increase his distance (from the destination). [^15]

15- العامِلُ عَلی غَيرِ بَصيرَةٍ کَالسّائِرِ عَلَی غَيِر الطَريقِ فَلا تَزيدُهُ سُرعَةُ السَّيرِ اِلا بُعداً. (تحف العقول ص362)

16. the most beloved of the brothers to me is the one who presents & indicates to me my faults & short comings. [^16]

16- اَحَبُّ اِخوانی إِلَيَّ مَن اَهدی اِلَیَّ عُيُوبی. (تحف العقول ص366)

17. Be the inviters & callers of people towards beneficence without (using) your tongues, so that they may observe your endeavor & efforts, & truth & piety.[^17]

18. According to Islamic belier a path (bridge) will be placed over the hell roars the people to cross to the paradise. Those pious would cross over to the heaven just as the lightening & the arrogant infidels, hypocrites, faithless, would stagger and stammer & rail down into the fire or hell.

17- کُونُوا دُعاةً لِلنّاسِ بِالخَيرِ بِغَيرِ اَلسِنَتِکُم لِيَرَوا مِنکُم الاِجتِهادَ وَالصِّدقَ وَالوَرَعَ. (اصول کافی ج2 باب الصدق واداء الامانة ص105)

18. The one who did not spend his earning upon himself certainly he collected it up for a person other than himself. And the one who followed & obeyed his passions & lust has obeyed his enemy. The person who depended upon Allah, Allah will adequate & fulfill the vital needs (affairs) of his world & here after, and secure him from the thing unseen by him. (Allah guards the pious ones against all sorts of calamities, down falls, pains, and discomforts & deviations of faith provided they depend upon Him.) And the one who does not observe patience over the calamities & mishaps & express thankfulness & gratitude for all the benevolences & beneficence’s & does not find & search a way out of all the difficulties is an unable, & confounded person. And make it a habit to be patient in wake of all kinds of calamities & afflictions should those be of children or wealth or one's own self.

Since, Allah takes back his loan & takes back his endowments so as to test your patience & gratitude in those things. And have hope from Allah the kind of hope & aspiration which may not invoke & make you dauntless & brave in committing his sins & prohibited acts. And be afraid & fear Allah, a kind of fear that may not disappoint you from His mercy. And do neither get betrayed & deceived by the word of ignorant & nor by his praise lest you should become proud & obstinate & refractory & give yourself airs & become proud about your practices & acts. Thus the best & superb of the practices is performing services & humility & humbleness. So do not squander & waste your wealth & rectify the wealth of other than you, for those you collect to leave back. And be contented with the (sustenance) Allah has provisioned & destined for you. And do not look towards the wealth except than that one you possess. And do not long & aspire for the thing which you cannot achieve. Because, the one who gets contented, gets full up & the one who does not get contented never satiates & saturates. And get your share from the hereafter.[^18]

18- مَن حَرمَ نَفسَهُ کَسبَهُ فَاِنَّمَا يَجمَعُ لِغَيرِهِ، وَمَن اَطاعَ هَواهُ فَقَد اَطاعَ عَدُوَّهُ، مَن يَثِق بِاللهِ يَکفِهِ ما اَهَمَّهُ مِن اَمرِ دُنياهُ وَآخِرَتِه وَيَحفَظ لَهُ ما غابَ عَنهُ ،وَقَد عَجَزَ مَن لَم يُعِدَّ لِکُلِّ بَلاءٍ صَبراً، وَلِکُلِّ نِعمَةٍ شُکراً،وَلِکُلِّ عُسرٍ يُسراً،صَبِّر نَفسَکَ عِندَ کُلِّ بَلِيَّةٍ في وَلَدٍ اَومالٍ اَورَزِيَّةٍ، فَإنَّما يَقبِضُ عارِيَتَهُ،وَيَأخُذُ هِبَتَهُ،ليَبلُوَ فيهِما صَبرَکَ وَشُکرَکَ، وَاَرجُ اللهَ رَجاءً لا يُجَرِّيکَ عَلی مَعصِيَتِهِ، وَخَفهُ خَوفاً لا يُؤيسُکَ مِن رَحمَتِهِ، وَلا تَغتَرَّ بِقَولِ الجاهِلِ وَلا بِمَدحِهِ فَتَکَبَّرَ وَتَجَبَّرَ وَتُعجبَ بِعَمَلِکَ،فِانَّ اَفضَلَ العَمَلِ العِبادَةُ وَالتَّواضعُ، فَلا تُضَيَّع مالَکَ وَتُصلِح مالَ غَيرِکَ ما خَلَّفتَه وَراءَ ظَهرِکَ، وَاقنَع بِما قَسَمَهُ اللهُ لَکَ،وَلا تَنظُر اِلاّ اِلی ماعِندَکَ، وَلا تَتَمَنَّ مالَستَ تَنالُهُ، فإِنَّ مَن قَنَعَ شَبعَ، وَمَن لَم يَقنَعَ لَم يَشبَع، وَخُذ حَظَّکَ مِن آخِرَتِکَ. (تحف العقول ص304)

19. It is required for the faithful to have eight qualities in him.

20. being gracious during the hardship & calamities. 2. Being patient in wake of affliction. 3. being thankful at the time of comfort & abundance. 4. Being contented with sustenance granted by Allah. 5. Not committing excess & aggression upon enemies. 6. Not loading his own load (responsibilities) upon the shoulders of his friends. 7. His body remains troubled by him (due to services). B. And the people remain comfortable & at ease from him. (He does not bother & trouble others). [^19]

19- يَنبَغي لِلمُؤمِنِ اَن يَکُون فيهِ ثَمانِی خِصالٍ، وَقُوراً عِندَالهَزاهِزِ،صَبُوراً عِندَ البَلاءِ شکُوراً عِندَ الرَّخاءِ،قانِعا بِما رَزَقَهُ اللهُ،لا يَظلِمُ الأَعداءَ،وَلا يَتَحامِلُ لِلأَصدِقاء،بَدَنُهُ مِنهُ في تَعَبٍ وَالنّاسُ مِنهُ في راحَةٍ... (اصول کافی باب خصال المؤمن ج2/ ص47)

20. Seventy sins of ignorant are forgiven before one sin of a scholar is forgiven.. [^20]

Because the scholar by virtue of his knowledge knows all the pros & cons & consequences of committing a sin, whereas, an unaware & ignorant person does not know them. But this is not a justification for committing sin by those ignorant or that one should not become educated & learned in the field of religious ethics & Islamic code of conduct.)

20- يُغفَرُ لِلجاهِلِ سَبعُونَ ذَنباً قَبلَ أَن يُغفَرَ للعالِمِ ذَنبٌ واحِدٌ. (اصول کافي ج1 ص47)

21. And do not become arrogant & vain (ungrateful) when rich & wealthy, & do not grumble & complain in poverty. And do not become an ill-tempered & stone hearted one so that people might dislike your company & proximity. And do not become meek & feeble, so that anybody who knows you may insult & belittle you. And do not fight the one who is above (superior to) you. And do not mock anyone inferior to yourself. And do not have controversy & tussle against those suitable for the affairs. And do not obey the stupid & silly ones & do not accept the subordination of everybody (every other person) and do not depend upon the competence & thrift of anyone. And do stop & wait (contemplate) prior to setting your hand at an affair till such time you get to distinguish the entry way from the exit of it before you repent upon starting it. (Do know the way of exit from it. Should you decide to abandon that work?) And consider your heart (conscience) a close associate who is your partner.

And consider your practice a father whom you follow up. And regard your ego as your enemy with whom you combat (fight a holy war), & a thing lent to you which must be taken back. Thus you have been made to be a physician of your own self & you have been taught & made conversant to the signs of health, & the ailment (too) has been made exhibited & evident to you & you have been guided to the medicine. So (now) very cautiously guard & look after your soul. [^21]

21- وَلا تَکُن بَطِراً في الغِنی وَلا جَزِعاً في الفَقرِ، وَلا تَکُن فَظّاً غَليظاً يَکرَهُ النّاسُ قُربَکَ ،وَلا تَکُن واهِناً يُحَقِّرُکَ مَن عَرَفَکَ، وَلا تُشارَّ مَن فَوقَکَ، وَلا تَسخَر بِمَن هُوَ دُونَکَ،وَلا تُنازٍع الاَمرَ اَهلَهُ،وَلا تُطِعِ السُّفَهاد،وَلا تَکُن مَهيناً تَحتَ کُلَّ اَحَدٍ،وَلا تَتَّکِلَنَّ عَلی کِفايَةِ اَحَدٍ، وَقِف عِندَ کُلَّ اَمرٍ حَتّی تَعرِفَ مَدخَلَهُ مِن مَخرجِهِ قَبلَ اَن تَقَعَ فيهِ فَتَندَم، وَاجعَل قَلبَکَ قَريباً تُشارِکُهُ، وَاجعَل عَمَلَکَ والِداً تَتَّبِعُهُ،وَاجعَل نَفسَکَ عَدُوّاً تُجاهِدُهُ،وَعارِيَةً تَرُدُّها، فإِنَّکَ قَد جُعِلتَ طَبيبَ نَفسِکَ وَعُرَفتَ آيَةَ الصَّحَّةِ،وَبُيَّنَ لَکَ الدّاءُ، وَدُلِتَ عَلیَ الدَّواءِ،فَانظُر قِيامَکَ عَلی نَفسِکَ. (تحف العقول ص304)

22. Who so ever starts a morning in a condition that he is worried & apprehensive for something else than getting his neck free (from the Hell fire) so he has taken a great & magnanimous thing easy & light. And he has shown inclination & asked his lord something insignificant & vile. (Worldly material) And the one who cheats & beguiles his brother & belittles him & has hostility towards him Allah will make the hell to be his abode. And the person who is jealous of a faithful, faith will dissolve & disappear from his heart just as salt dissolves into the water. [^22]

22- مَن اَصبَحَ مَهمُوماً لِسِوی فَکاکِ رَقَبَتِهِ فَقَد هَوَّنَ عَلَيهِ الجَليلَ، وَرَغِبَ مِن رَبِّهِ في الرِّبحِ الحَقيرِ، وَمَن غَشَّ اَخاهُ وَحَقَّرَهُ وَناواهُ جَعَلَ اللهُ النّارَ مَأواهُ، وَمَن حَسَدَ مُؤمِناً انماثَ الإِيمانُ في قَلبِهِ کَما يَنماثُ المِلحُ في الماءِ. (تحف العقول ص302)

23. Do not give away alms when the people are witnessing & watching so that they may consider you a pious one so if you did that you have received your reward.

But if you gave it away (in a manner) that your left hand does not become aware of it when you give it by your right hand. So then the one (Allah) for whom you have given it away secretly, will give you it's reward & remuneration in the presence of witnesses & evidences on the day when not being aware of the people about your almsgiving will not harm you. (Resurrection day). [^23]

23- لا تَتَصَدَّق عَلی اَعيُنِ النّاسِ لِيُزَکوُّکَ،فاِنَّکَ اِن فَعَلتَ ذلِکَ فَقَد اِستَوفَيتَ اَجرَکَ،وَلکِن اِذا اَعطَيتَ بِيَمينِکَ فَلا تُطلِع عَلَيها شِمالَکَ،فاِنَّ الَّذي تَتَصَدَّقُ لَهُ سِرّاً يُجزِيکَ عَلانيَةً عَلی رُؤُوسِ الأَشهادِ، فِی اليَومِ الَّذی لا يَضُرُّکَ اَن لا يُطلِعَ اَلناسَ عَلی صَدَقَتِکَ. (تحف العقول ص305)

24. Some of the admonitions of Luqman (as) to his son say: 'Oh son, always be sober & gracious. And observe serenity & grace in your life affairs.

And be firm & stabilize yourself in the affairs of your brothers (helping & assisting them). So if you decide to achieve the honor & glory of the world then shorten your avarice & allurement from whatever is in the hands of the people, for, certainly the stations & posts which the prophets & the truthful came to achieve were on account of shortening & cutting off their avarice & temptations. [^24]

24- من مواعظ لقمان لابنه:

... يا بُنَیَّ الزِم نَفسَکَ التُّؤَدَةَ في اُمورِکَ وَصَبَّر عَلی مَؤُونَاتِ الاِخوانِ نَفسَکَ فِاِن اَرَدتَ اَن تَجمَعَ عِزَّ الدُّنيا فَاقطَع طَمَعَکَ مِمّا فی اَيدِی النّاسِ فَانَّما بَلَغَ الاَنبياءُ وَالصَّدَّيقُونَ ما بَلَغُوا بِقَطعِ طَمَعِهِم. بحارالانوار ج13 ص419-420)

25. It is the obligatory right for all the Muslims who know us that each one of them presents his practices of the day & night to himself (gets it checked by himself) & becomes an accountant & checker for himself. So if he sees a good deed he must increase & boost it up and if he sees a sin he must repent upon it, & ask forgiveness from Allah, lest he should get disgraced & dishonored on the judgment day. [^25]

25- حَقُّ عَلی کُلَّ مُسلِمٍ يَعرِفُنا اَن يَعرِضَ عَمَلَهُ في کُلَّ يَومٍ وَلَيلَةٍ عَلی نَفسِهِ، فَيَکُونَ مُحاسِبَ نَفسِهِ، فإن رَأی حَسَنَةً استَزادَ مِنها،وَاِن رَأی سَيِّئَةً استَغفَرَ مِنها، لِئَلاّ يَخزی يَومَ القِيامَةِ. (تحف العقول ص301)

26. The one who deals with the people & does not commit excess upon them & talks to them & does not tell lie. And makes promise & does not break it, he is one of those whose slandering & back biting is prohibited & his forbearance & fortitude is completed & his justice & equity is exhibited & evident one & his brotherhood is obligatory & binding upon others. [^26]

26- مَن عامَلَ النّاسَ فَلَم يَظلِمهُم وَحَدَّ ثَهُم فَلَم يَکذِبهُم،وَوَعَدَهُم فَلَم يُخلِفُهُم،کانَ مِمَّن حَرُمَت غِيبَتُهُ وکَمُلَت مُرُوءَتُهُ وَظَهَرَ عَدلُهُ وَوَجَبَت أُخُوَّتُهُ. (اصول کافی ج2 باب المؤمن وعلاماته ص239)

27. Days are of three forms. There is a day which has passed on & will never again, be sorted out & found. And there is a day for the people which is required & appropriate to be valued & esteemed.

And tomorrow, about which certainly they have hope & aspiration. [^27]

27- اَلاَيّامُ ثَلاثَةٌ:فَيَومٌ مَضی لا يُدرَکُ، وَيَومٌ النّاسُ فيهِ فَيَنبَغی اَن يَغتَنِمُوهُ،وَغَداً اِنَّما فی اَيديهِم اَمَلُهُ. (تحف العقول ص324)

28. 'Oh son of jundab! The one who depends & trusts upon his practice gets perished. And the one who dares to co mitt sins having surety & certainty about the commiseration & blessing of Allah does not get salvation. I said 'then who gets salvation?'

He said': The people who remain placed between hope & fear as if their hearts are in the claws of bird, with solicitude of reward & the fear of chastisement. [^28]

28- يا ابنَ جُندب يَهلکُ المُتَّکِلُ عَلی عَمَلِهِ وَلا يَنجُو المُجتَرئُ عَلَی الذُّنُوبِ الواثِقُ بِرَحمَةِ اللهِ.قُلتُ: فَمَن يَنجُو؟ قالَ الَّذينَ هُم بَينَ الرَّجاءِ وَالخَوفِ،کأنَّ قُلُوبَهُم فی مِخلَبِ طائِرٍ شَوقاً اِلیَ الثَّوابِ وَخَوفاً مِنَ العَذابِ. (تحف العقول ص302)

29. Goodness is just like its name (good, & excellent) & there is nothing superior & superb than the goodness except its reward & remuneration. And excellence & virtue is a gilt from AlIal1 to His servant. And it is not that who so ever loves to be fair & good to people does it (as well). And it does not happen that all those inclined & prone to it get the power & succeed in doing it. And it is not so that all those who have the power & limitation to practice & perform it get permitted & leave to perform it. So when Allah does a favor to a servant he gathers for him the inclination & tendency of doing good & the capacity & power & the permission. So then the prosperity & magnanimity gets completed for the goodness & its doer... [^29]

29- اَلمَعرُوفُ کَاسمِهِ،وَلَيسَ شَيءٌ اَفضَلَ مِنَ المَعرُوفِ اِلاّ ثَوَابُهُ، وَالمَعرُوفُ هَدِيَّةٌ مِنَ اللهِ اِلی عَبدِهِ، وَلَيسَ کُلُّ مَن يُحِبُّ اَن يَصنَعَ المَعرُوفَ اِلی النّاسِ يَصنَعُهُ،وَلا کُلُّ مَن رَغِبَ فيهِ يَقدِرُ عَلَيهِ، وَلا کُلُّ مَن يَقدِرُ عَلَيهِ يُؤذَنُ لَهُ فيهِ، فاِذا مَنَّ اللهُ عَلَی العَبدِ جَمَعَ لَهُ الرَّغبَةَ فِي المَعرُوفِ وَالقُدرَةَ وَالإذنَ،فَهُناکَ تَمَّتِ السَّعادَةُ وَالکرامَةُ لِلطّالِبِ وَالمَطلُوبِ إلَيهِ. (بحار ج78 ص246)

30. The person who moves to fulfill the need of his brother (in faith) is similar to the runner between SAFA & MARWA. And the one who fulfills (materializes) his need is like the person who wallowed & rolled in to his (own) blood on the way & course of Allah, on the day of Bader & uhud (battles). [^30]

30- اَلما شي في حاجَةِ اَخيهِ کَالسّاعِي بَينَ الصَّفا وَالمَروَةِ،وَقاضي حاجَتِهِ کَالمُتَشَحِّطِ بِدَمِهِ في سَبيل اللهِ يَومَ بَدرٍ وَأُحُدٍ. (تحف العقول ص303)

31. Allah bestowed His boons & beneficence’s upon a nation as generosity & gifts. Then they did not thank him for those, so, those turned into curse & evil for them.

And He involved & entangled (as a test) a nation into afflictions & calamities & they exercised patience so those (calamities) turned for them into beneficence’s. [^31]

31- اِنَّ اللهَ اَنعَمَ عَلَی قَوٍم بِالمَواهِبِ فَلَم يَشکُرُوهُ فَصارَت عَلَيهِم وَبالاً،وَابتَلی قَوماً بِالمَصائِبِ فَصَبَرُوا فَکانَت عَلَيهِم نِعمَةً. (بحارالانوار ج78 ص241)

32. Indeed when the sin is committed by a servant secretly, it does not harm but the one who commits it. Whereas, if it is committed openly & conspicuously & a restraints is not put upon it then it harms the general public. [^32]

32- اِنَّ المَصيَةَ اِذا عَمِلَ بِها العَبدُ سِرّاً لَم تَضُرَّ اِلاّ عامِلَها وَاِذا عَمِلَ بِها عَلانِيَةً وَلَم يُغَيَّر عَلَيهِ اَضَرَّت بِالعامَّةِ. (قرب الاسناد ص26)

33. A man does not become proud hearted & arrogant but for the self-abjection which he finds in his soul. [^33]

33- ما مِن رَجُلٍ تَکَبَّرَ اَو تَجَبَّرَ اِلاّ لِذِلَّةٍ وَجَدَها فی نَفسِهِ. (اصول کافی ج2 ص312)

34. Be kind & affectionate to your fathers (ancestors) your sons will treat you kindly & nicely & exhibit (be) modest to the women of other (people) they will treat your woman with modesty & chastity. [^34]

35. Running seven times between two Hill of Safwa & Marwa in Mecca is a part of Hajj & umra rituals this is also known as Sayee or the Effort.

34- برُّوا آباءَکُم يَبِرُّکُم اَبناؤُکُم، وَعِفُّوا عَن نِساءِ النّاسِ تَعِفُّ نِساؤُکُم. (بحارالانوار ج78 ص242)

35. Connect the blood kinship relations with the one who disconnect & cuts off ties with you. And do grant to the one who deprives you. And do well to the person who does treat you bad. And salute to the one who abuses you. And treat him with justice the one who is cruel & oppressive to you, just as you like to be forgiven. So keep the forgiveness & remission of Allah in view. Do you not see that his sun shines (equally) over the pious one & the transgressors, & that his rain showers & pours down upon the pious ones & the evil doers (equally)? [^35]

35- صِل مِن قَطَعَکَ، وَاَعطِ مَن حَرَمَکَ، وَاَحسِن اِلی مَن أَساءَ اِلَيکَ،وَسَلِّم عَلی مَن سَبَّکَ وَأَنصِف مَن خاصَمَکَ، وَاعفُ عَمَّن ظَلَمَکَ، کَما اَنَّکَ تُحِبُّ اَن يُعفی عَنکَ،فَاعتَبِر بِعَفوِاللهِ عَنکَ ،اَلا تَری اَنَّ شَمسَهُ اَشرَقَت عَلَی الأَبرارِ وَالفُجّارِ،وَاَنَّ مَطرَهُ يَنزِلُ عَلَی الصّالِحِينَ وَ الخاطِئينَ. (تحف العقول ص305)

36. Beware of three (kinds of) people. The dishonest & the zaloom[^36] (the most oppressor, tyrant cruel) & telltale. Because the dishonest (who) is committing dishonesty to your benefit will (tomorrow) commit dishonesty with you & the one who is being cruel for your benefit will (tomorrow) commit excess & oppression against you & the person who culminates people, tells tales & back bites people before you, will (tomorrow) back bite you. [^37]

36- اِحذَر مِنَ النّاسِ ثَلاثَةً: الخائِنَ وَالظَّلُومَ وَالنّمّامَ لِاَنَّ مَن خانَ لَکَ خانَکَ، وَمَن ظَلَمَ لَکَ سَيَظلِمُکَ، وَمَن نَمَّ اِلَيکَ سَيَنُمَّ عَلَيکَ. (تحف العقول ص316)

37. when the resurrection day will come Allah will resurrect a religious scholar & a worshipper (devotee, votary) so when they (both) will stand before Allah it would be said to the adorer to start off toward the paradise & to the scholar it would be said ', stop! Intercessor & mediate for the people for the best training which you imparted upon them. '[^38]

37- اِذا کانَ يَومَ القِيامَةِ بَعَثَ اللهُ العالِمَ وَالعابِدَ، فِاذا وَقَفا بَينَ يَدَيِ الله عَزَّوَجَلَّ قيلَ لِلعابِدِ : انطَلِق اِلی الجَنَّةِ وَقيلَ لِلعالِم قِف تَشَفَّع لِلنَّاسِ بِحُسنِ تَأديبِکَ لَهُم. (بحار ج8 ص56)

38. Two units of service offered by a married person is superior to seventy cycles of service offered by an unmarried one. [^39]

38- رَکعَتانِ يُصَلَّيهِمَا مُتَزَوَّجٌ اَفضَلُ مِن سَبعينَ رَکعَةً يُصَلّيها غَيرُ مُتَزَوِّجٍ. (بحارالانوار ج103 ص219)

39. Toiling & laboring hard for one's family (wife & children & dependent) is like becoming the warrior of a holy war on the course of Allah. [^40]

39- الکادُّ عَلی عِيالِهِ کَالمُجاهِدِ في سَبيلِ اللهِ. ( وسائل الشيعة ج12 ص43)

40. Our intercession & mediation will not be won & attained by that person who depreciates & undervalues the services (prayers a Muslim offers five times a bay.) [^41]

40- لا يَنالُ شَفاعَتنا مَن استَخَفَّ بِالصَّلاةِ. (فروع کافی ج3 ص270)

[^1]: Tuhaf al-Uqul. P .3.32

[^2]: Faroo Al Kafi Vol. 8. P 247

[^3]: Al Wasail Vol. 18, P 99

[^4]: Tuhaf al-Uqul, P .365

[^5]: Amali Sadduk, P 162

[^6]: Tuhaf al-Uqul, P .36.3

[^7]: Usool e Kafi Vol. 2. P 171

[^8]: Usoool e Kafi Vol. 2. P 166

[^9]: Usool e Kafi Vol. 2, P 170 Faithful's right upon his brother.'

[^10]: Usool e Kafi Vol. 2, P 166, chapter: Brother hood of faithful’s

[^11]: Maanj Al Ekhbar. P .394

[^12]: Bihar ul-Anwar. Vol. 73. P 48

[^13]: Raozatal Waizeen. P 499

[^14]: Bihar ul-Anwar Vol. 78. P 278

[^15]: Tuhaf al-Uqul. P 362

[^16]: Tuhaf al-Uqul. P 366

[^17]: Usool e Kafi Vol. 2. P 105

[^18]: Tuhaf al-Uqul, P 304

[^19]: Usool e Kafi Vol. 2, P 47, The qualities of the faithful.

[^20]: Usool e Kafi Vol. I. P 47

[^21]: Tuhaf al-Uqul P 304

[^22]: Tuhaf al-Uqul P302

[^23]: Tuhaf al-Uqul. P 305

[^24]: Bihar ul-Anwar Vol. 13, P419/420

[^25]: Tuhaf al-Uqul, P 301

[^26]: Usool e Kafi Vol. 2, P 239, (chapter: The faithful & his signs)

[^27]: Tuhaf al-Uqul P 324

[^28]: Tuhaf al-Uqul P 302

[^29]: Bihar ul-Anwar Vol. 78, P 246

[^30]: Tuhaf al-Uqul, P 303

[^31]: Bihar ul-Anwar, Vol. 78, P 241

[^32]: Qarb ul-Asnad, P 26

[^33]: Usul-Al Kafi, Vol. 2, P 312

[^34]: Bihar ul-Anwar, Vol. 27, P 242

[^35]: Tuhaf al-Uqul. P 305

[^36]: Zaloom is the superlative degree of zalim meaning 'oppressor or tyrant." The terrifically tyrant & cruel would be named zaloom in Arabic language, whereas any ordinal cruel person would be known zalim (cruel). Almosid, the Arabian-English dictionary, not finding a proper term against zaloom (the tyrant most) has referred it to zalim (the ordinal' cruel).

[^37]: Tuhaf al-Uqul P 316

[^38]: Bihar ul-Anwar Vol. 8. P 56

[^39]: Bihar ul-Anwar Vol. 103, P 219

[^40]: Wasail ul-Shia Vol. 12, P 23

[^41]: Undervaluing & degrading the prayers would range from not offering it to offering it sluggishly, slackly, out of its time & developing indifferent & careless attitude towards it. And not showing promptness, vigil & suitable care in its performance.