Fasting According To the Five Schools of Islamic Law
Prohibited Fasts
All the schools except the Hanafi concur that fasting on the days of `Id al-Fitr and `Id al-Adha is prohibited*(haram)* :
• The Hanafis observe: Fasting on these two `Ids is makruh to the extent of being haram.
• The Imamis say: Fasting on the days of Tashriq is prohibited only for those who are at Mina. The days of Tashriq are the eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth of Dhu al-Hijjah.
• The Shafi`is are of the opinion that fasting is not valid on the days of Tashriq both for those performing Hajj as well as others.
• According to the Hanbalis, it is haram to fast on these days for those not performing Hajj, not for those performing it.
• The Hanafis observe: Fasting on these days is makruh to the extent of being haram.
• The Malikis state: It is haram to fast on the eleventh and the twelfth of Dhu al-Hijjah for those not performing Hajj, not for those performing it.
All the schools excepting the Hanafi concur that it is not valid for a woman to observe a supererogatory fast without her husband's consent if her fast interferes with the fulfillment of any of his rights. The Hanafis observe: A woman's fasting without the permission of her husband is makruh, not haram.