Manasik (Rituals) of Hajj in Brief
Glossary
A
afdhal meritorious
ahkam decrees or injunctions; plural of hukm
ahwat greater precaution or care
Arafat the 9th day of Dhul Hijjah when the pilgrims assemble at the place outside Makkah, known as the plain of Arafat
asr afternoon
aqwa (what is) stronger or more forceful
ashwat rounds or turns; plural of shawt
B
badhl gift, present
Badhli Hajj Gifting of Hajj; sending someone on Hajj as a way of generosity
Bayt Allah al-Haram The Sacred House of Allah
D
dhibh slaughtering, animal sacrifice
E
Eid al-Qurban Feast of Sacrifice celebrated on 10th Dhul Hijjah
F
faridhah an indispensable religious duty
fuqaha jurisprudents
fusuq disobedience to the commends of God; committing sins
G
ghayr ul-mahram one who is not mahram
ghusl ritual bathing
H
hadath akbar major impurity requiring ghusl
hadath asghar minor impurity requiring wudhu
hady animal sacrifice, sacrificial offering
haidh menstruating
Hajar al-Aswad The Black Stone
Hajj pilgrimage
Hajjat ul-Islam the obligatory Hajj pilgrimage in Islam
Hajji pilgrim
Hajj Miqati Hajj, which starts from one of the mawaqit or the specified places where pilgrims are required to assemble
Hajj Nyabi pilgrimage performed on one's behalf
halal permitted; religiously lawful
halq complete shaving of the head
haram prohibited; religiously unlawful
Haram sanctuary, sacred precincts
harwalah with a fast pace
haydh menstruation
hijab Islamic mode of dressing and covering for women
Hijr Ismail The semicircular 1.3 meter high wall on the northern side of the Kabah, where Ismail and his mother Hajar are buried
Hujjaj pilgrims
hukm religious decree or injunction acts of worship
I
ibadat acts of worship
idhn permission
idhtirar exigency; urgency; emergency need
idhtirari based on exigency, exigent, emergency
ihram state of pilgrim sanctity, which a pilgrim of Hajj or Umrah assumes on reaching miqat
ihtiyat precaution, reservation
ikhtiyar choice
ikhtiyari based on choice, optional
istidar circular
istighfar seeking forgiveness
istihbab considering an act as mustahabb; recommendable
istitaah capability
itmam reciting the prayer completely as opposed to the shortened prayer of the traveller
J
jidal quarrelling, swearing
janabah major ritual impurity caused by sexual intercourse or the like
jabirah wudhu a special kind of ablution for one who has bandages or the like on the parts that should be washed during wudhu
junub one who is in the state of janabah
K
kaffarah expiation, atonement
khums one-fifth levy
kifayah being sufficient, sufficiency, competence, capability
kurr water weighing about 384 kilograms which does not become najis if nijasah reaches it
M
Madinah Medina
ma fil-dhimmah an act or deed that is incumbent on the pilgrim and should duly be discharged
maghreb sunset
mahram Relations with whom marriage is not permissible such as father, mother, step father, step mothers, sons, daughters, brothers, sisters, grandfathers, grandmothers, grandsons, granddaughters, maternal or paternal uncles and aunts, nieces, nephews, grand nephews and grand nieces, father law and mother law, son law and daughter law, wet nurses, etc. Consequently husband and wife are considered Mahram to each other
Makkah Mecca
mal al-ijarah wages paid to a person hired as a naib
Marja Taqlid Religious Authority for following such as the Chief Jurisprudent
masjid mosque
mataf place for (conducting) the tawaf
mawaqit the places permissible for halting
mawaqit plural of miqat
miqat a number of stations outside Makkah from where the pilgrims intending Hajj or Umrah assume ihram
mubah permissible; allowed
mudd dry measure equal to 800 grams
muharramat acts and things that are religiously unlawful
muhill one who has been relieved from ihram, non-muhrim
muhrim a pilgrim in the state of ihram
mukallaf one who has reached the age of takleef
mustahabb desirable though not obligatory; recommended
mustahsan praiseworthy; commendable
mustati a person possessing capability (istitaah)
muwalat continuity without break
N
nadhr vow
nafaqah maintenance; necessary living expenses
nafelah prayer supererogatory prayer
naib deputy
najis ritual unclean
nifas puerperal period
nijasah ritual uncleanness
niyabah deputation
niyyah intention
Q
qadha settling a wajib act which had not been performed in time, not performed but due
qaleel little in quantity, less than kurr
qasr reciting two rakah instead of the 4 rakah prayer during a journey exceeding 23 Kms
qiraah the recitation of the Quran in the prayer
R
rakah unit of the length of prayer
ramy threefold throwing of stones at al-jamarat or symbolic satans
rukn essential part or pillar
S
sajdah prostration
shawt round, turn
T
taharah purity, cleanness
tahlil relief from the state of ihram
takleef age in which one becomes mature and thus responsible for performing Islamic duties
taqsir partial shortening of the hair on the head
tashriq period the three days following Eid al-qurban
tawaf sevenfold circumambulation of the Kabah
tayammum statutory dry ablution with soil, sand, etc.
U
udul change of purpose by the naib
Umrah (in common usage) visit, (in religious texts) paying a visit to the Bayt Allah al Haram (the Sacred House of Allah, i.e. the Holy Kabah)
Umrah**-** Mufradah Umrah performed independently of Hajj
W
wajab span
wajib religiously obligatory
wajib Hajj obligatory pilgrimage
Wajib ul-Hajj one for whom Hajj has become obligatory
wajibat obligatory acts and deeds
wali guardian, heir
wikalah deputation
wudhu ablution with water
wujub obligation
wujuh shareeyah religiously due sums, religious payments
wuquf stop, halt
wuqufayn the two stays
Z
zawal time when the sun crosses the meridian
ziyarah visit
zuhr noon