The Child's Education in Islam

Ninethly : Emotional Development

Emotion is among the most important stimulant for action as previously discussed, emotion commence since the early days of breast feeding stage then gradually develop when the child advance in age. When his societal surrounding broadens it influences his emotional development with changes in the thought the child believe, in the limit of his mental perception. Whenever the child believe that executing certain duty pleased his parents or Allah the most High it will induce him to execute it, the reverse is authentic. Possibly we divide emotion in four parts: Individual, social, exalted and ethical.

What we mean by individual emotion is the emotion that connect with ones personality like love for possession, love for independence, love of ascendancy over others, love for societal status and others to respect him. These are the emotions that fetch him personal benefit.

Exalted emotion is the emotion that develops in child with the limit of his mental perception to the elevated exemplary, he will then love to connect with the ONLY, that is Allah the most High, the source of kindness, wealth, and mercy and blessing, he will also love good and reality and there is nothing like attaining personal benefit in it.

The Social emotion is the emotion that prompts one to have connection with the others starting from the parents, brothers and sisters, close relations up till the community and the whole human beings.

The ethical emotion is the emotion that has link with prohibited and none prohibited types of conduct, like the link with truthfulness, avoiding telling lies and other commendable acts and commendable morals.

The best ways and method of developing the child's emotion by the parents is to make him feel of love through encompassing him with sympathy, mercy and satisfying his spiritual and material needs. When the child feel all this, he will duly connect with the source of that love and sympathy which are the parents and that will result to his trust in them and also to continue to imitate them and he will accept or satisfy with what will put forward by them regards thought, concept and others.

The child will be prepared to answer their commandments and executes their requests. The parents will then has control over his emotion and will be able to focus him towards a good direction, they should be following his speeches and activities especially when he is playing, it will then complement their work on developing and purifying his emotion in a suitable form with the concept and sound personality and has created equilibrate types of emotion with him. The most important emotion that is good to develop is the one towards Allah the most High. The feeling for love will be developed in him and his trust in Allah and sanctification to Him.

At a time he believes that Almighty Allah is the source of wealth, mercy and forgiveness, that He created ever lasting wealth in the Paradise for the Righteous and Obedient ones. It is compulsory upon the parents to develop the child's emotion towards the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his descendants) and the other Messengers and Prophets and the Ahlulbait (peace be upon them). The best way in this aspect is through narrating purposeful stories that will accomplish these two benefits.

Firstly: Deepings their love in his mind.

Secondly: Struggle to let him join their conduct in life.

Different emotion will develop inside him like love for sincerity, love for braveness, honor and sacrifice, love for sound conduct and personality. He will slay distance from all that they are distance from, and will develop the hatred, detestation and disinclined from those that contradict and stand against them and avoid their ways of life presently or in future to come.

Among the other method of developing the child's emotion is their continuous focus and guidance till the child comprehends the permitted and non permitted conducts and again encouraging having connection and relation with sound actions and personality. He should encourage with good words when he gives out something out of his playing instruments to another child and to replace it for him. Whenever he spokes truth or honor others or have mercy on the poor or assist his brother or his parents by executing some work, should be encourage for that by laudation, praise and commendation before him, the family, his close relations and his friends.

Dealing with children like friends encourage him to express his repressed emotion and feelings, this expression is beneficial to establish equilibrate emotion and refine the unpleased emotion.

Through experience we will find that narrative method as the best method of developing emotion especially the method that is suitable to his perception and mental ability. Possibly we can narrate to him stories of birds and animals that possess good and bad fundamentals. It will develop the emotion with him towards justice or assistance or sacrifice or other fundamental ethics. The emotion will be developed by loving the oppressed ones and hating the oppressors.

Stories about birds and animals are desirable by the children of this stage; they will listen attentively with interest and more desire than the real stories that comprise of many occurrences base on the imagination of the parents while narrating the stories.

Tenthly : Care For The Orphans

An orphan feel deprivation after loosing his father or mother or both of them. Deprivation of satisfying his emotion and spiritual needs, deprivation of satisfying his material needs like food, drinks and dresses, he will be befallen with obsessions and fears, predominated by anxiety and disturbance.

Feeling of deprivation from affection and kindness has its negative effect on the existence and building the personality of the child. Through the observation of the society reality we found that most orphans that didn't get assistance and care from others do personally disturbed and were befallen with tied psychology and negative agreement with the community that deprive him from assistance and care. For that Islam bequeath special guardianship of the orphans even more than other children. It emphasizes the satisfaction of all of their material and spiritual needs.

The specified verses of the Qur'an for the guardianship of the orphan are more than that of the general children.

Satisfaction of the orphan's material needs is the first needs that Islam laid emphasis on.

Allah the most High said: {And they feed the poor, the orphan and the prisoner, for the love for Him}[^78].

{.... And to feed in the day of hunger, to an orphan, near of kin}[^79].

{.... And give the wealth, for love of Him, to kinsfolk and to orphans and the needy ....}[^80].

Allah the most High makes the Right of the orphan in the Muslim's wealth. {And know that what ever ye take as spoil of war, Lo! a fifth there of is for Allah, and for the Messenger and for the kinsman (who hath need) and orphans and needy ....}[^81].

The most High said: {Say: that which ye spend for good (must go) to parents and near kindred and orphans and the needy ....}[^82].

The most High has forbade spending the orphan's wealth except in a best form which has benefits and profitable to him {And approach not the wealth of the orphan save that which is better, till he reach maturity}[^83].

The Prophet (peace be upon him and his descendants) said: "Who sustain an orphan till he is in no need, Allah will make it obligatory because of that to enter Paradise"[^84].

The prophet (peace be upon him and his descendants) said: "Whoever liable for the orphan enters him to his food and drinks, Allah will let him enters Paradise except he committed unforgivable sin"[^85].

The Prophet (peace be upon him and his descendants) said: "He was joining his fingers together and said: I and the guarantor of an orphan are like this in the Paradise"[^86].

Islamic system considered the satisfaction of the orphan's spiritual needs like doing well to him and equity with him. Allah the most High said: {and (remember) when we made a covenant with the children of Israel (saying): worship none save Allah (only), and be good to parents and to kindred and to orphans and the needy ....}[^87].

The most High said: {And that ye should deal justly with orphans .....}[^88].

The Prophet (peace be upon him and his descendants) said : "The best house among the Muslims is the house having an orphan and they do good to him and the worst house among the Muslims is the house having an orphan and they do bad to him"[^89].

The Prophet (peace be upon him and his descendants) Bequeath on humoring the orphan, kindness to him and honoring him. The Prophet (peace be upon him and his descendants) said: "Allah urges us to do good to the orphans for their detachment from their father, Allah will protect whoever protect them and Allah will honor whoever honored them. Whoever rub the orphan's head with his hand in kindness to him, Allah will build a mansion for him in the Paradise wider than this world and all that is in it equivalent to the numbers of hair his hand touches"[^90].

Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) encourage us to deal kindly and sympathize with the orphan and said: "There is no servant that rubs his hand on the head of an orphan in sympathy with him except Almighty Allah grant him Light on resurrection day equivalent to the number of his hair"[^91].

Among the protection of the orphan is to solve the problems facing him that can cause him pains, anxiety and disturbance. The Prophet (peace be upon him and his descendants) said : "The Throne shakes for the cries of an orphan when he cries, Allah the most High will say : O' my Angels be my witness that I will pleased whoever make him to silent and I will pleased him"[^92].

From The Prophet (peace be upon him and his descendants) "If an orphan cries on the earth, Allah will say who makes my servant to weep while I have taken his father in to the soil?

To my Mighty and Majesty whoever pleased him even though with half word, I will put him in Paradise"[^93].

Among the recommendation regards the orphan's affair is to make them happy by satisfying their material or their spiritual needs, from respect, love or praise, encouragement and others.

The Prophet (peace be upon him and his descendants) said : "Verily there is a house in the Paradise known as House of happiness none will enter it except those who make the believing orphan to happy" [^94] .

Giving good education to the orphan is among the care and protection to them and prepares him to be a good member of the community. The Commander of the Faithful Ali (peace be upon him) said: "Educate the orphan the way that you educate your child ...."[^95].

An orphan that obtain care, protection, love and kindness feels at rest, tranquil and leaves uprightly in his emotion and personality but in a state of deprivation he will not become upright and may take up by perverted ones and focus him to unrighteousness and will become a harmful member to the society.

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[^78] - Qur'an 76: 8.

[^79] - Qur'an 90:14-15.

[^80] - Qur'an 2:177.

[^81] - Qur'an 8: 41.

[^82] - Qur'an2: 215.

[^83] - Qur'an 6: 152.

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[^95] - Al-kafi vol- 6: 48/8 ch- educating the child.