TRANSLATOR’S INTRODUCTION

An Overview of the Ājurrūmiyyah

KALĀM and its Constituent Parts

The Chapter on I‘RĀB[17]

The Chapter on Identifying the ‘ALĀMĀT AL-I‘RĀB

Section (on the MU‘RABĀT BIL-ḤARAKĀT and the MU‘RABĀT BIL-ḤURŪF)

The Chapter on the AF‘ĀL

The Chapter on the MARFŪ‘ĀT AL-ASMĀ’[43]

The Chapter on the FĀ‘IL

The Chapter on the AL-MAF‘ŪL ALLAĐĪ LAM YUSAMMA FĀ‘ILUHŪ

The Chapter on the MUBTADA’ and the KHABAR

The Chapter on the ‘AWĀMIL that precede and operate on  the MUBTADA’ and KHABAR

The Chapter on the NA‘T [and an explanation of the MA‘RIFAH (definite noun) and NAKIRAH (indefinite noun)]

The Chapter on the ‘AṬF

The on the MANṢŪBĀT AL-ASMĀ’

The Chapter on the MAF‘ŪL BIHĪ

The Chapter on the MAṢDAR

The Chapter on the Ẓarf ZAMĀN and Ẓarf MAKĀN

The Chapter on the Ḥāl

The Chapter on the TAMYĪZ

The Chapter on the ISTITHNĀ’

The Chapter on "لا"

The Chapter on the MUNĀDĀ

The Chapter on the MAF‘ŪL MIN AJLIHĪ

The Chapter on the MAF‘ŪL MA‘AHŪ

The Chapter on the MAKHFŪḌĀT AL-ASMĀ’

Notes

Al-muqaddimah Al-ajurrumiyyah [on the Science of Arabic Grammar]

The Chapter on I‘RĀB[17]
========================

**I‘rāb** [^18] is a change affecting the endings of words[^19] due to
the difference in the ‘Awāmil[^20] that enter and operate on them,
(whether the change is) Lafđan (real and explicit, such that it can be
verbally expressed) or Taqdīran[^21] (hypothetical and implicit, such
that it cannot be verbally expressed but is instead assumed in the
mind).

**Its types are four: Raf‘, Naṣb, Khafḍ and Jazm.**

Of this, Raf‘, Naṣb and Khafḍ apply to the Asmā’ (nouns) while Jazm does
not feature in them at all.

Of this, Raf‘, Naṣb and Jazm apply to the Af‘āl (verbs) while Khafḍ does
not feature in them at all.


