Islamic Philosophy and the Problem of Evil; a Philosophical Theodicy

• Abstract
• Introduction
• The Reality of Evil
• Several Versions of the Problem
• What is an Evil Like?
• Evil as Nonexistence and Privation
• Essential and Accidental Evil
• Several Applications of the Word "Evil"
• Apprehensional Evil: a challenge for TNNE
• Solutions of the Problem of Evil
• Conclusion
• References: