Madrasahs in Pakistan [untill: 2005]
Table of Contents
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 2
ACRONYMS. 3
Introduction. 5
Statement of the Problem. 5
Objectives of this Study. 5
Review of Literature 6
Research Methodology. 9
Organization of Study. 9
1- Madrasah Education: A Historical Evolution 10
Introduction. 10
Education during the Time of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) 12
Education during the Time of the Rightly Guided Caliphs 12
The Birth of fiqh and the Emergence of the ulema as a Professional Class 14
The Birth of Traditional madrasahs 16
Madrasahs in the Indian Subcontinent 17
Dars-i-Nizami of Mullah Nizamuddin. 18
Shah Waliullah. 19
Madrasahs under Colonial Rule 20
British Approach towards Muslim Education. 21
Madrasahs and the Role of the ulema after 1857. 23
Dar-ul-Ulum- Deoband. 23
Nadvat-ul-Ulama 25
2- Madrasahs In Pakistan. 27
Madrasahs and the Pakistan Movement 27
Jamiat-ul-ulama-i-Hind. 28
Growth of madrasahs since 1947. 31
Wafaq-ul-Madaris Al-Arabia: 32
Tanzim-ul-Madaris: 32
Wafaq-ul-Madaris Shia: 32
Rabitah-ul-Madris-ul-Islamia: 32
Wafaq-ul-Madaris-Al-Salfia: 32
Curriculum in Traditional Pakistani Madrasahs 34
Refutation of Other Sects Radd. 35
The Refutation of Heretical Beliefs and Alien Philosophies 36
Students of Traditional madrasahs 36
Teachers of Madrasahs 38
Methods of Teaching. 38
Management of Madrasahs 39
Madrasah Finances 40
Government Financial Support 40
Madrasahs and Society. 41
3- State And Madrasah Relations: 1947-1999 43
Madrasahs under Ayub Khan’s Regime 43
Madrasahs under Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto: 45
Madrasahs under Zia-ul-Haq. 46
The Sargodha Report 46
The Halepota Report 48
Reaction of the Din-i-Madaris 50
Din-i-madaris Comprehensive Report 1988. 52
The Din-i-madaris Regulation. 53
Recognition of sanads of DMs 54
Reaction of Clergy and Din-i-madaris to the Official Policies 55
Madrasahs under Democracy, 1988-1999. 58
Recommendations of Educational Policies and Council of Islamic Ideology 60
4- Reforms Since 2000: Action Against The Status Quo 62
Agenda of Reforms and the Musharraf Regime 62
The Pakistan Madrasah Education (Establishment and Affiliation of Model Deeni Madrasah) Board Ordinance 2001. 64
Societies Registration Ordinance of 2005. 65
Madrasah Reforms Project (M R P) 65
Madrasah’s Asnad Issue and Religious Parties 68
Government Concerns regarding Militancy and Foreigners in Madrasahs 70
Madrasah Reforms and the Role the of NGOs 74
International Centre for Religion and Diplomacy (ICRD) 74
National Research and Development Foundation (NRDF) 75
The Euro-Consultant Pakistan (ECPAK) 76
5- Response of Madrasahs and Prospects of Reforms: 78
Rebellion Against State Power 78
US Policy and Religious Education in the Muslim World. 78
Media’s Role regarding madrasahs 81
The Approach of Liberals, Academics and Scholars to madrasah Reforms 81
The madrasahs’ Response to State-Sponsored Reforms 82
Madrasah Registration Ordinance and Response of madrasahs 84
Madrasah Education Board and Response of madrasahs 86
Pre-Conditions of madrasahs 88
Islamic Education Commission. 89
Current Situation and the din-i-madaris 89
Madrasahs Reaction to the Present Initiatives 90
Prospects of Reforms 91
Final Assessment 93
Glossary. 96
Bibliography. 100
I. Official Documents 100
II- Books and Articles 101
III- Magazines and Newspapers 104
IV- Web Pages 105
V- Interviews 105
Table of Contents 106
Notes 109